Asiatic Dayflower - Commelina communis - 101
Scientific Name:
Commelina communis
Family:
Commelinaceae
Other Names:
Chinese violet, Asiatic spiderwort, Dayflower
Description
The Asiatic Dayflower, scientifically known as Commelina communis, is a perennial herbaceous plant that typically grows to a height of 30 to 60 cm. It features a sprawling growth habit, with stems that can root at the nodes, allowing it to spread effectively across the ground. The plant has a lifespan of several years and is known for its vibrant blue flowers, which bloom in the morning and close by the afternoon, hence the name "dayflower." It thrives in a variety of habitats, including disturbed areas, roadsides, and gardens, and is adaptable to different soil types, although it prefers moist, well-drained soils. Notable characteristics include its unique leaf arrangement, which consists of two large, broad leaves that clasp the stem, and its ability to thrive in both sunny and partially shaded environments.
Etymology
The name "Commelina" is derived from the name of the Dutch botanist Georg Marggraf, who was a member of the Commelin family, while "communis" is Latin for "common," reflecting the plant's widespread occurrence. The common name "dayflower" refers to the ephemeral nature of its blooms, which are open only during the day. In various cultures, the plant has been associated with themes of transience and beauty, often appearing in folklore and traditional stories. The linguistic evolution of the name has seen it referred to in different languages, such as "fleur du jour" in French, which translates to "flower of the day," emphasizing its fleeting beauty.
Ethnobotanical Uses
Asiatic Dayflower has a rich history of ethnobotanical uses. Scientifically, it has been researched for its potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, making it a candidate for modern herbal remedies. In traditional medicine, particularly in Asian cultures, the leaves and flowers are used to treat various ailments, including skin irritations and digestive issues. Spiritually, the plant is sometimes used in rituals to symbolize purity and the transient nature of life. Indigenous groups have historically utilized the plant for its medicinal properties, often incorporating it into their healing practices. In some cultures, the flowers are also used in ceremonial offerings, symbolizing beauty and the fleeting nature of existence.
Distribution And Habitat
Commelina communis is native to Asia but has naturalized in many parts of the world, including North America and Europe. It thrives in temperate climates and is commonly found in disturbed areas, gardens, and along roadsides. The plant prefers moist, well-drained soils and can often be found in loamy or sandy substrates. In its native habitat, it coexists with a variety of flora, including grasses and other herbaceous plants, and attracts pollinators such as bees and butterflies. Ecologically, it plays a role as a ground cover, helping to prevent soil erosion and providing habitat for small wildlife.
Identification
Asiatic Dayflower can be identified by its distinctive morphology. The plant features broad, lanceolate leaves that are arranged in a spiral around the stem, with a smooth texture and a glossy green color. The flowers are small, typically blue or violet, and have three petals, with the two upper petals being larger than the lower one. The plant prefers temperate climates and can be found at altitudes ranging from sea level to about 1,500 meters. It thrives in well-drained soils and is often found in areas with partial shade. Seasonal changes in appearance include the emergence of vibrant flowers in late spring to early summer, while the foliage remains lush throughout the growing season. Young plants are more compact, while mature specimens can spread significantly, making them easily distinguishable from other plants in the same family.
Fruit
The fruit of the Asiatic Dayflower is a small, three-celled capsule that contains several seeds. The capsules are typically green when immature, turning brown as they mature. The seeds are small and can be dispersed by wind or water, contributing to the plant's ability to colonize new areas. The fruit is not commonly consumed, but the seeds are known to be viable and can germinate readily in suitable conditions.
Flowers
Asiatic Dayflower blooms from late spring to early summer, producing clusters of striking blue flowers. Each flower is about 2-3 cm in diameter, with a unique shape that features three petals—two larger upper petals and one smaller lower petal. The flowers emit a subtle, sweet fragrance that attracts pollinators, primarily bees and butterflies. Pollination occurs mainly through insect activity, although the plant is also capable of self-pollination.
Leaves
The leaves of Commelina communis are broad and lanceolate, measuring 5-15 cm in length. They are arranged in a distinctive spiral pattern around the stem and have a smooth texture with a glossy appearance. The leaves can change color slightly with the seasons, becoming more vibrant in the summer and fading in the fall. The vein structure is prominent, with a parallel arrangement typical of monocots.
Stems
The stems of the Asiatic Dayflower are soft and green, with a slightly hairy texture. They can root at the nodes, allowing the plant to spread horizontally. The stems are typically hollow and can grow quite long, often trailing along the ground or climbing over nearby vegetation.
Trunk
As a herbaceous plant, Commelina communis does not develop a trunk in the traditional sense. Instead, it has a series of soft, green stems that can become woody at the base in older plants. The stems do not exhibit significant bark characteristics, as they remain green and flexible throughout their life cycle.
Bark
Asiatic Dayflower does not produce bark, as it is a herbaceous plant. However, the stems may develop a slightly tougher texture at the base as they mature, but this is not comparable to the bark of woody plants.
Vine
While not a true vine, the Asiatic Dayflower exhibits a sprawling growth habit, with stems that can root at the nodes. This allows the plant to spread across the ground and climb over other vegetation for support.
Root/Rhizome
The root system of Commelina communis is fibrous, allowing it to absorb moisture and nutrients effectively from the soil. The roots are not particularly deep, which contributes to the plant's ability to thrive in disturbed areas. The plant does not produce rhizomes or tubers.
Tubers/Other Underground Structures
Asiatic Dayflower does not produce tubers or other underground structures for storage or propagation. Its primary means of reproduction is through seeds.
Other Anatomical Features
The plant does not have any notable thorns or resin production. However, the leaves may have a waxy coating that helps reduce water loss, making it more resilient in varying environmental conditions.
Look-Alikes, Mimics
Asiatic Dayflower can be misidentified as other members of the Commelinaceae family, such as the common spiderwort (Tradescantia spp.). Both plants share similar leaf structures and flower shapes, but the color and arrangement of the flowers can help distinguish them. Additionally, the growth habit and habitat preferences may vary, aiding in identification.
Growth And Cultivation
Asiatic Dayflower can be propagated through seeds or cuttings. It prefers moist, well-drained soils with a pH of 6.0 to 7.0. Regular watering is essential, especially during dry periods, but the plant is relatively drought-tolerant once established. Full sun to partial shade is ideal for optimal growth. Common pests include aphids and spider mites, which can be managed through organic insecticides or natural predators. Companion planting with other herbs can enhance growth and deter pests, while it may not thrive alongside aggressive weeds.
Food And Beverage
Asiatic Dayflower is edible and has been used in various culinary applications, particularly in Asian cuisines. The young leaves and flowers can be consumed raw in salads or cooked in stir-fries, offering a mild, slightly sweet flavor. Nutritionally, the plant is rich in vitamins A and C, as well as antioxidants. Processing techniques such as drying can enhance the flavor for use in herbal teas. Here are two simple recipes:
Asiatic Dayflower Salad: Combine fresh leaves and flowers with mixed greens, cherry tomatoes, and a light vinaigrette for a refreshing salad.
Stir-Fried Dayflower: Sauté young leaves and flowers with garlic, ginger, and soy sauce for a quick and nutritious side dish.
Medicine
Asiatic Dayflower has been traditionally used in herbal medicine for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Modern studies have begun to validate these claims, with research indicating potential benefits for skin health and digestive issues. The plant is often used in poultices for treating minor wounds and skin irritations.
Uses And Indications
The plant is traditionally used to treat skin conditions, digestive issues, and inflammation. Modern applications include its use in topical ointments and herbal teas.
Warnings And Contraindications
While generally considered safe, excessive consumption may lead to mild gastrointestinal upset. It is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before using it medicinally, especially for those on medication.
Parts Used
Leaves
Flowers
Formulas
Infusion for digestive health
Poultice for skin irritations
Dosage
Infusion: 1-2 teaspoons of dried leaves per cup of boiling water, steeped for 10 minutes.
Poultice: Fresh leaves crushed and applied directly to the skin.
Scientific Research
Recent studies have highlighted the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Commelina communis, suggesting its potential in treating skin conditions and promoting overall health (source: Ethnobotany Journal, 2022). Further research is needed to fully understand its pharmacological actions and therapeutic applications.
Construction
Asiatic Dayflower is not typically used in construction due to its herbaceous nature. However, its fibrous stems can be utilized in traditional crafts or as a natural binding material in some contexts. Comparatively, it lacks the durability and strength of hardwoods commonly used in construction.
Textiles
The fibers from Asiatic Dayflower are not commonly extracted for textile use. However, in some cultures, the plant's leaves may be woven into simple crafts or used for decorative purposes.
Cosmetics And Personal Care
Asiatic Dayflower is not widely recognized in the cosmetics industry, but its anti-inflammatory properties may lend it potential for use in skincare formulations aimed at soothing irritated skin.
Art
The plant has cultural significance in various artistic traditions, often depicted in paintings and crafts due to its vibrant flowers. Historically, it has been used in traditional crafts, such as weaving and dyeing, to create beautiful patterns and colors.
Technology
While not a primary focus in modern industrial applications, Asiatic Dayflower's potential for biodegradable uses is being explored, particularly in sustainable practices. Research into its properties may lead to innovative applications in eco-friendly products.
Ornamental/Decorative
Asiatic Dayflower is valued for its aesthetic appeal, often used in ornamental gardens for its striking blue flowers. It prefers partial shade and can thrive in various garden styles, making it suitable for both indoor and outdoor settings.
Fuel
Asiatic Dayflower is not typically used as a fuel source, as it lacks the density and energy content found in traditional fuel plants.
Ritual, Spiritual, And Ceremonial Uses
The plant is sometimes used in spiritual practices, symbolizing purity and the transient nature of life. Various cultures incorporate it into rituals and ceremonies, often as an offering or decorative element.
Other
Asiatic Dayflower has been noted for its potential in air purification and as a natural insect repellent. Its ability to thrive in disturbed areas makes it a useful plant for erosion control and habitat restoration. Fun facts include its unique blooming behavior, which has inspired folklore and artistic representations throughout history.
Disclaimer
This information is meant for only that, informational purposes. We are not responsible for how you use it. None of this information or products mentioned are meant to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. This information and any products or materials mentioned have probably not been evaluated by the FDA (assume that they have not). Some of the ethnobotanical uses mentioned may be dangerous, controversial, or illegal. You are responsible for how you use this information. Do some additional research, and consult with a professional in the related field.
References
Ethnobotany Journal, 2022
Mountain Rose Herbs
Urban Moonshine
Botanical.com
Gaia Herbs